Madison, Missouri Demographics & Population 2026
During the 2020–2024 ACS period, Madison, Missouri had a total population of 446, the 541st largest city in Missouri, with a median household income of $44,583, which is 37% lower than the state average. The poverty rate is 20.6%.
Data vintage: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2020–2024 5-Year Estimates · refreshed July 2026 · Methodology & source notes
Key Takeaways
- Household income is 37% below the state average, indicating significant economic challenges.
- Housing is very affordable with a home-value-to-income ratio of just 1.9x.
- Near full employment with an unemployment rate of just 1.5%.
Madison Quick Facts
How Madison Changed
Change from the 2019–2023 ACS period to 2020–2024. These are rolling five-year estimates, not year-over-year measurements.
| Metric | 2019–2023 | 2020–2024 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 387 | 446 | +15.2% |
| Median household income | $44,375 | $44,583 | +0.5% |
| Median home value | $86,800 | $83,800 | -3.5% |
How Madison Compares
Median Household Income
Median Home Value
Economy & Housing
Household Income Distribution
Detailed income brackets
Employment
Housing Overview
People & Demographics
Age Distribution
Race & Ethnicity
Diversity Index
A less diverse community where one racial or ethnic group represents a large majority.
State average: 40 | National average: 61
Education
Educational Attainment (Adults 25+)
Madison Rankings in Missouri
Explore Missouri Rankings
Other Cities in Monroe County
| City | Population | Median Income | Poverty | Home Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paris | 1,587 | $63,487 | 8.0% | $131,200 |
| Holliday | 144 | $46,250 | 30.6% | $56,700 |
| Middle Grove | 40 | $55,357 | 7.5% | $100,000 |
| Stoutsville | 20 | N/A | 15.0% | $131,300 |
Cities Similar to Madison
These cities in the same state have comparable population and economic profiles.
| City | Population | Median Income | Home Value | Bachelor's+ | Poverty |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asbury | 459 | N/A | $117,500 | 21.7% | 4.8% |
| Sheldon | 443 | $41,848 | $67,500 | 11.0% | 37.0% |
| Wardell | 445 | $40,250 | $54,300 | 12.3% | 42.9% |
| Keytesville | 435 | $40,682 | $86,300 | 21.6% | 12.6% |
| Rosebud | 442 | $50,625 | $132,800 | 9.4% | 13.4% |
A note before these figures: with a population of 446, Madison's ACS estimates come from a small number of survey responses and carry wide margins of error. Individual percentages below — particularly rates that round to 0% or 100% — are approximations, not precise measurements. See data.census.gov for the published margins of error.
Population Overview
Madison is a small community located in Missouri, within Monroe County. The total population is 446. It ranks as the 541st most populous out of 1,062 Census-designated places in Missouri.
Age Demographics
The median age in Madison is 34.3 years. This is 12% lower than the state median of 39.0 years. With 28.2% of the population under 18, Madison has a notably young demographic profile, suggesting a family-oriented community.
Economy, Income & Housing
The median household income in Madison is $44,583. This is 37% lower than the state median of $70,702. It is also 45% lower than the national median of $80,734. The poverty rate stands at 20.6%. This is 64% higher than the state poverty rate of 12.6%. With more than one in five residents living below the poverty line, economic hardship is a significant challenge for the community. The unemployment rate is 1.5%. This is 62% lower than the state rate of 4.0%. The median home value is $83,800. Housing costs are 64% lower than the state median of $230,300. With a home-value-to-income ratio of just 1.9x, Madison is one of the most affordable housing markets in the area. 70.0% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied. This homeownership rate is 3% higher than the state average of 68.1%.
Race & Ethnicity
Madison has a predominantly White (non-Hispanic) population, comprising 90.4% of all residents. Hispanic or Latino residents account for 7.4%.
Education
11.1% of residents aged 25 and older hold a bachelor's degree or higher. This is 66% lower than the state rate of 32.4%. Nationally, 35.7% of adults hold at least a bachelor's degree. The high school graduation rate (or equivalent) is 91.8%.
Data Sources & Methodology
All demographic data for Madison, Missouri is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 2020–2024 5-Year Estimates. The ACS collects data from approximately 3.5 million households annually and pools five years of responses so that even small communities can be measured, though the margin of error widens as the population falls. Comparisons are made against Missouri state averages and national averages calculated from the same dataset. Rankings reflect the city's position among all 1,062 Census-designated places in Missouri. Read more about how these figures are produced on our methodology page, or visit data.census.gov for official data.
Free data download: Get all Missouri city and county demographics as CSV. Download Cities CSV | Download Counties CSV
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the population of Madison, Missouri?
Madison, Missouri has a population of 446 according to the most recent U.S. Census ACS 5-Year Estimates.
What is the median household income in Madison, MO?
The median household income in Madison is $44,583, which is 45% lower than the national median of $80,734.
What is the poverty rate in Madison, MO?
The poverty rate in Madison is 20.6%. This means approximately 92 residents live below the federal poverty line.
What is the racial makeup of Madison, Missouri?
Madison's population is 90.4% White, 0.0% Black, 7.4% Hispanic/Latino, and 0.0% Asian.
What is the median home value in Madison, MO?
The median home value in Madison is $83,800. The home-value-to-income ratio is 1.9x.
How educated is Madison, Missouri?
11.1% of adults (25+) in Madison hold a bachelor's degree or higher, and 3.2% hold a graduate or professional degree.