Effingham, Illinois Demographics & Population 2026
During the 2020–2024 ACS period, Effingham, Illinois had a total population of 12,342, the 193rd largest city in Illinois, with a median household income of $72,377, which is 13% lower than the state average. The poverty rate is 14.6%.
Data vintage: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2020–2024 5-Year Estimates · refreshed July 2026 · Methodology & source notes
Key Takeaways
- Housing is very affordable with a home-value-to-income ratio of just 2.5x.
Effingham Quick Facts
How Effingham Changed
Change from the 2019–2023 ACS period to 2020–2024. These are rolling five-year estimates, not year-over-year measurements.
| Metric | 2019–2023 | 2020–2024 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 12,258 | 12,342 | +0.7% |
| Median household income | $65,718 | $72,377 | +10.1% |
| Median home value | $166,700 | $177,500 | +6.5% |
How Effingham Compares
Median Household Income
Median Home Value
Economy & Housing
Household Income Distribution
Detailed income brackets
Employment
Housing Overview
People & Demographics
Age Distribution
Race & Ethnicity
Diversity Index
A less diverse community where one racial or ethnic group represents a large majority.
State average: 61 | National average: 61
Education
Educational Attainment (Adults 25+)
Effingham Rankings in Illinois
Explore Illinois Rankings
Other Cities in Effingham County
| City | Population | Median Income | Poverty | Home Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Altamont | 2,282 | $75,510 | 15.1% | $129,800 |
| Teutopolis | 1,729 | $115,938 | 2.8% | $247,700 |
| Dieterich | 1,169 | $74,500 | 10.6% | $201,300 |
| Watson | 620 | $74,167 | 14.8% | $100,000 |
| Mason | 467 | $65,455 | 35.5% | $82,900 |
| Beecher City | 414 | $43,750 | 25.8% | $90,800 |
| Edgewood | 351 | $47,604 | 18.2% | $85,500 |
| Shumway | 260 | $82,159 | 20.7% | $102,500 |
| Montrose | 255 | $60,625 | 12.9% | $125,000 |
Cities Similar to Effingham
These cities in the same state have comparable population and economic profiles.
| City | Population | Median Income | Home Value | Bachelor's+ | Poverty |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Richton Park | 12,521 | $64,554 | $220,900 | 29.3% | 8.8% |
| Northlake | 12,513 | $83,892 | $259,800 | 14.9% | 10.9% |
| Schiller Park | 11,393 | $69,696 | $275,000 | 26.2% | 2.5% |
| Plano | 12,203 | $86,271 | $230,700 | 22.9% | 10.2% |
| Herrin | 12,226 | $59,975 | $113,300 | 22.8% | 14.5% |
Population Overview
Effingham is a small city located in Illinois, within Effingham County. The total population is 12,342. It ranks as the 193rd most populous out of 1,445 Census-designated places in Illinois.
Age Demographics
The median age in Effingham is 39.6 years. This is 2% higher than the state median of 39.0 years.
Economy, Income & Housing
The median household income in Effingham is $72,377. This is 13% lower than the state median of $83,390. It is also 10% lower than the national median of $80,734. The poverty rate stands at 14.6%. This is 23% higher than the state poverty rate of 11.8%. The unemployment rate is 2.6%. This is 56% lower than the state rate of 5.8%. The median home value is $177,500. Housing costs are 33% lower than the state median of $263,300. With a home-value-to-income ratio of just 2.5x, Effingham is one of the most affordable housing markets in the area. 66.1% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied. This homeownership rate is 1% lower than the state average of 67.1%.
Race & Ethnicity
Effingham has a predominantly White (non-Hispanic) population, comprising 91.6% of all residents. Hispanic or Latino residents account for 4.7%. The White (non-Hispanic) population is significantly higher than the state average (91.6% vs 58.1%). The Black or African American population (0.7%) is well below the state average of 13.3%. The Hispanic or Latino population (4.7%) is well below the state average of 18.8%. The Asian population (1.1%) is well below the state average of 5.9%.
Education
29.1% of residents aged 25 and older hold a bachelor's degree or higher. This is 23% lower than the state rate of 37.9%. Nationally, 35.7% of adults hold at least a bachelor's degree. The high school graduation rate (or equivalent) is 93.3%.
Data Sources & Methodology
All demographic data for Effingham, Illinois is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 2020–2024 5-Year Estimates. The ACS collects data from approximately 3.5 million households annually and pools five years of responses so that even small communities can be measured, though the margin of error widens as the population falls. Comparisons are made against Illinois state averages and national averages calculated from the same dataset. Rankings reflect the city's position among all 1,445 Census-designated places in Illinois. Read more about how these figures are produced on our methodology page, or visit data.census.gov for official data.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the population of Effingham, Illinois?
Effingham, Illinois has a population of 12,342 according to the most recent U.S. Census ACS 5-Year Estimates.
What is the median household income in Effingham, IL?
The median household income in Effingham is $72,377, which is 10% lower than the national median of $80,734.
What is the poverty rate in Effingham, IL?
The poverty rate in Effingham is 14.6%. This means approximately 1,746 residents live below the federal poverty line.
What is the racial makeup of Effingham, Illinois?
Effingham's population is 91.6% White, 0.7% Black, 4.7% Hispanic/Latino, and 1.1% Asian.
What is the median home value in Effingham, IL?
The median home value in Effingham is $177,500. The home-value-to-income ratio is 2.5x.
How educated is Effingham, Illinois?
29.1% of adults (25+) in Effingham hold a bachelor's degree or higher, and 11.7% hold a graduate or professional degree.