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Yellowstone County, Montana Demographics 2026

Yellowstone County, Montana has a population of 168,957, the 1st most populous county in Montana. The median household income is $76,570 and the median home value is $349,500. The poverty rate is 9.2%.

Data vintage: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2020–2024 5-Year Estimates · refreshed July 2026 · Methodology & source notes

Yellowstone County Quick Facts

Population 168,957
Median Household Income $76,570
Median Home Value $349,500
Poverty Rate 9.2%
Unemployment Rate 3.4%
Median Age 39.0 years
Homeownership Rate 69.6%
Affordability Ratio 4.6x
Bachelor's Degree+ 34.1%
High School Graduation 95.5%
Cities/Places 13
Population 168,957 1st of 56
Median Income $76,570 6% higher than state
Poverty Rate 9.2%
Unemployment 3.4%

How Yellowstone County Changed

Change from the 2019–2023 ACS period to 2020–2024. These are rolling five-year estimates, not year-over-year measurements.

Metric2019–20232020–2024Change
Population167,340168,957+1.0%
Median household income$74,400$76,570+2.9%
Median home value$317,600$349,500+10.0%

Economy & Housing

Household Income Distribution

Under $25K 12.8%
$25K-$50K 18.7%
$50K-$100K 30.8%
$100K+ 37.6%
Detailed income brackets
Under $10K
3.3%
$10K-$15K
3.3%
$15K-$20K
3.0%
$20K-$25K
3.3%
$25K-$30K
3.1%
$30K-$35K
4.4%
$35K-$40K
3.5%
$40K-$45K
3.9%
$45K-$50K
3.8%
$50K-$60K
6.8%
$60K-$75K
10.6%
$75K-$100K
13.4%
$100K-$125K
10.5%
$125K-$150K
8.0%
$150K-$200K
9.1%
$200K+
10.1%

Employment

3.4% Unemployment Rate State: 3.6%|National: 5.2%
66.1% Labor Force Participation

Housing Overview

Owner 69.6%
Renter 30.4%
Affordability Index Moderate
4.6x home value to income ratio
Median gross rent $1,131/mo 17.7% of median household income annually

People & Demographics

Diversity Index

30out of 100
Low Diversity

A less diverse community where one racial or ethnic group represents a large majority.

State average: 29 | National average: 61

Education

Cities & Places in Yellowstone County

CityPopulationMedian IncomePovertyHome Value
Billings119,434$73,7129.8%$343,400
Laurel7,215$68,47410.0%$235,100
Lockwood7,181$75,70010.7%$235,400
Huntley455$94,8210.0%$233,600
Worden416N/A3.1%N/A
Shepherd353$80,1254.8%$114,400
Ballantine262N/A0.0%$284,000
Custer199$82,50020.1%$137,500
Broadview175$78,4388.0%$165,600
Acton87$36,04240.2%N/A
Nibbe62N/A24.2%N/A
Mountain View Colony55N/A51.3%N/A
Pompeys Pillar27N/A0.0%N/A

Population Overview

Yellowstone County is located in Montana with a total population of 168,957. It is the 1st most populous county out of 56 in Montana. The county encompasses 13 Census-designated places.

Age Demographics

The median age in Yellowstone County is 39.0 years. This is 3% lower than the state median of 40.4 years.

Economy, Income & Housing

The median household income in Yellowstone County is $76,570. This is 6% higher than the state median of $72,509. It is also 5% lower than the national median of $80,734. The poverty rate stands at 9.2%. This is 20% lower than the state poverty rate of 11.5%. The unemployment rate is 3.4%. This is 7% lower than the state rate of 3.6%. The median home value is $349,500. Housing costs are 7% lower than the state median of $375,800. The home-value-to-income ratio is 4.6x. 69.6% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied.

Race & Ethnicity

The largest racial or ethnic group in Yellowstone County is White (non-Hispanic), making up 83.4% of the population. Hispanic or Latino residents account for 6.6%.

Education

34.1% of residents aged 25 and older hold a bachelor's degree or higher. This is 3% lower than the state rate of 35.2%. Nationally, 35.7% of adults hold at least a bachelor's degree. The high school graduation rate (or equivalent) is 95.5%.

Data Sources & Methodology

All figures for Yellowstone County come from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 2020–2024 5-Year Estimates, with comparisons drawn against Montana and national averages from the same dataset. See our methodology page for how each metric is defined, or data.census.gov for official tables with margins of error.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the population of Yellowstone County, Montana?

Yellowstone County has a population of 168,957, making it the 1st most populous county in Montana.

What is the median income in Yellowstone County?

The median household income in Yellowstone County is $76,570 with a poverty rate of 9.2%.

How many cities are in Yellowstone County, Montana?

Yellowstone County contains 13 Census-designated places.