Cleveland, Virginia Demographics & Population 2026
During the 2020–2024 ACS period, Cleveland, Virginia had a total population of 369, the 516th largest town in Virginia, with a median household income of $28,704, which is 69% lower than the state average. The poverty rate is 48.5%.
Data vintage: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2020–2024 5-Year Estimates · refreshed July 2026 · Methodology & source notes
Key Takeaways
- Household income is 69% below the state average, indicating significant economic challenges.
- More than 1 in 4 residents live below the poverty line (48.5%), well above the national average of 12.4%.
- Only 1.2% of adults have a bachelor's degree, well below the national average of 35.7%.
- Housing is very affordable with a home-value-to-income ratio of just 2.2x.
- Unemployment rate of 26.1% is notably above the national average.
Cleveland Quick Facts
How Cleveland Changed
Change from the 2019–2023 ACS period to 2020–2024. These are rolling five-year estimates, not year-over-year measurements.
| Metric | 2019–2023 | 2020–2024 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 346 | 369 | +6.6% |
| Median household income | $26,528 | $28,704 | +8.2% |
| Median home value | $58,100 | $61,800 | +6.4% |
How Cleveland Compares
Median Household Income
Median Home Value
Economy & Housing
Household Income Distribution
Detailed income brackets
Employment
Housing Overview
People & Demographics
Age Distribution
Race & Ethnicity
Diversity Index
A less diverse community where one racial or ethnic group represents a large majority.
State average: 61 | National average: 61
Education
Educational Attainment (Adults 25+)
Cleveland Rankings in Virginia
Explore Virginia Rankings
Other Cities in Russell County
| City | Population | Median Income | Poverty | Home Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lebanon | 3,116 | $53,050 | 17.8% | $162,400 |
| Castlewood | 1,357 | $60,592 | 10.9% | $157,300 |
| Honaker | 1,188 | $44,183 | 26.5% | $91,600 |
| Dante | 591 | $33,696 | 38.1% | $81,400 |
Cities Similar to Cleveland
These cities in the same state have comparable population and economic profiles.
| City | Population | Median Income | Home Value | Bachelor's+ | Poverty |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chase Crossing | 372 | N/A | N/A | 0.0% | 65.3% |
| Carrsville | 363 | N/A | $242,700 | 25.1% | 0.0% |
| Sperryville | 358 | N/A | $374,700 | 38.0% | 10.1% |
| Montvale | 351 | N/A | $255,900 | 20.4% | 15.4% |
| Moneta | 395 | N/A | $232,200 | 31.5% | 25.1% |
A note before these figures: with a population of 369, Cleveland's ACS estimates come from a small number of survey responses and carry wide margins of error. Individual percentages below — particularly rates that round to 0% or 100% — are approximations, not precise measurements. See data.census.gov for the published margins of error.
Population Overview
Cleveland is a small community located in Virginia, within Russell County. The total population is 369. It ranks as the 516th most populous out of 681 Census-designated places in Virginia.
Age Demographics
The median age in Cleveland is 47.6 years. This is 22% higher than the state median of 39.0 years.
Economy, Income & Housing
The median household income in Cleveland is $28,704. This is 69% lower than the state median of $93,170. It is also 64% lower than the national median of $80,734. The poverty rate stands at 48.5%. This is 390% higher than the state poverty rate of 9.9%. With more than one in five residents living below the poverty line, economic hardship is a significant challenge for the community. The unemployment rate is 26.1%. This is 513% higher than the state rate of 4.3%. The median home value is $61,800. Housing costs are 84% lower than the state median of $383,700. With a home-value-to-income ratio of just 2.2x, Cleveland is one of the most affordable housing markets in the area. 36.3% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied. This homeownership rate is 46% lower than the state average of 67.3%.
Race & Ethnicity
The largest racial or ethnic group in Cleveland is White (non-Hispanic), making up 84.8% of the population.
Education
1.2% of residents aged 25 and older hold a bachelor's degree or higher. This is among the lowest rates in the state, which may correlate with employment and income patterns. This is 97% lower than the state rate of 42.2%. Nationally, 35.7% of adults hold at least a bachelor's degree. The high school graduation rate (or equivalent) is 76.3%.
Data Sources & Methodology
All demographic data for Cleveland, Virginia is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 2020–2024 5-Year Estimates. The ACS collects data from approximately 3.5 million households annually and pools five years of responses so that even small communities can be measured, though the margin of error widens as the population falls. Comparisons are made against Virginia state averages and national averages calculated from the same dataset. Rankings reflect the city's position among all 681 Census-designated places in Virginia. Read more about how these figures are produced on our methodology page, or visit data.census.gov for official data.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the population of Cleveland, Virginia?
Cleveland, Virginia has a population of 369 according to the most recent U.S. Census ACS 5-Year Estimates.
What is the median household income in Cleveland, VA?
The median household income in Cleveland is $28,704, which is 64% lower than the national median of $80,734.
What is the poverty rate in Cleveland, VA?
The poverty rate in Cleveland is 48.5%. This means approximately 179 residents live below the federal poverty line.
What is the racial makeup of Cleveland, Virginia?
Cleveland's population is 84.8% White, 0.0% Black, 0.0% Hispanic/Latino, and 0.0% Asian.
What is the median home value in Cleveland, VA?
The median home value in Cleveland is $61,800. The home-value-to-income ratio is 2.2x.
How educated is Cleveland, Virginia?
1.2% of adults (25+) in Cleveland hold a bachelor's degree or higher, and 1.2% hold a graduate or professional degree.