Troy, Illinois Demographics & Population 2026

Population Overview

Troy is a small city located in Illinois, within Madison County. The total population is 11,647. It ranks as the 202nd most populous out of 1,445 Census-designated places in Illinois.

Age Demographics

The median age in Troy is 35.2 years. This is 10% lower than the state median of 39.0 years. With 29.8% of the population under 18, Troy has a notably young demographic profile, suggesting a family-oriented community.

Economy, Income & Housing

The median household income in Troy is $112,434. This is 35% higher than the state median of $83,390. It is also 39% higher than the national median of $80,734. The poverty rate stands at 2.0%. This is 83% lower than the state poverty rate of 11.8%. This exceptionally low poverty rate indicates strong economic prosperity across the community. The unemployment rate is 3.1%. This is 47% lower than the state rate of 5.8%. The median home value is $268,000. Housing costs are 2% higher than the state median of $263,300. With a home-value-to-income ratio of just 2.4x, Troy is one of the most affordable housing markets in the area. 73.6% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied. This homeownership rate is 10% higher than the state average of 67.1%.

Race & Ethnicity

Troy has a predominantly White (non-Hispanic) population, comprising 88.9% of all residents. Hispanic or Latino residents account for 3.6%. The White (non-Hispanic) population is significantly higher than the state average (88.9% vs 58.1%). The Black or African American population (1.3%) is well below the state average of 13.3%. The Hispanic or Latino population (3.6%) is well below the state average of 18.8%. The Asian population (0.7%) is well below the state average of 5.9%.

Education

45.2% of residents aged 25 and older hold a bachelor's degree or higher. This places Troy in the top 10% of all cities in the state for educational attainment. This is 20% higher than the state rate of 37.9%. Nationally, 35.7% of adults hold at least a bachelor's degree. The high school graduation rate (or equivalent) is 97.5%. Notably, 17.6% of adults hold a graduate or professional degree, indicating a highly educated workforce.

Data Sources & Methodology

All demographic data for Troy, Illinois is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 2020–2024 5-Year Estimates. The ACS collects data from approximately 3.5 million households annually and pools five years of responses so that even small communities can be measured, though the margin of error widens as the population falls. Comparisons are made against Illinois state averages and national averages calculated from the same dataset. Rankings reflect the city's position among all 1,445 Census-designated places in Illinois. Read more about how these figures are produced on our methodology page, or visit data.census.gov for official data.