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Alabama Demographics & Population 2026

During the 2020–2024 ACS period, Alabama had a total population of 5,086,768, with a median household income of $63,999, which is 21% lower than the national average. The poverty rate is 15.6%.

Data vintage: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2020–2024 5-Year Estimates · refreshed July 2026 · Methodology & source notes

Alabama Quick Facts

Population 5,086,768
Median Household Income $63,999
Median Home Value $209,900
Poverty Rate 15.6%
Unemployment Rate 4.7%
Median Age 39.3 years
Homeownership Rate 70.2%
Affordability Ratio 3.3x
Bachelor's Degree+ 28.4%
High School Graduation 88.6%
Counties 67
Cities/Places 592
Population 5,086,768
Median Income $63,999 21% lower than national
Poverty Rate 15.6%
Unemployment 4.7%

How Alabama Changed

Change from the 2019–2023 ACS period to 2020–2024. These are rolling five-year estimates, not year-over-year measurements.

Metric2019–20232020–2024Change
Population5,054,2535,086,768+0.6%
Median household income$62,027$63,999+3.2%
Median home value$195,100$209,900+7.6%

Economy & Housing

Household Income Distribution

Under $25K 19.7%
$25K-$50K 20.3%
$50K-$100K 29.4%
$100K+ 30.6%
Detailed income brackets
Under $10K
6.3%
$10K-$15K
4.7%
$15K-$20K
4.2%
$20K-$25K
4.6%
$25K-$30K
4.2%
$30K-$35K
4.3%
$35K-$40K
3.9%
$40K-$45K
4.0%
$45K-$50K
3.9%
$50K-$60K
7.1%
$60K-$75K
9.6%
$75K-$100K
12.7%
$100K-$125K
9.1%
$125K-$150K
6.4%
$150K-$200K
7.4%
$200K+
7.8%

Employment

4.7% Unemployment Rate National: 5.2%
58.3% Labor Force Participation

Housing Overview

Owner 70.2%
Renter 29.8%
Affordability Index Affordable
3.3x home value to income ratio
Median gross rent $1,007/mo 18.9% of median household income annually

People & Demographics

Diversity Index

53out of 100
Moderate Diversity

Moderate diversity with one or two groups making up the majority.

State average: 53 | National average: 61

Education

Largest Cities in Alabama

#CityPopulationMedian IncomePoverty
1Huntsville222,791$74,71412.6%
2Mobile203,416$53,55818.4%
3Birmingham198,173$46,05124.7%
4Montgomery197,494$56,81121.5%
5Tuscaloosa111,038$51,46425.1%
6Hoover92,642$109,2535.1%
7Auburn80,594$63,66825.4%
8Dothan71,514$55,79219.3%
9Madison60,106$134,6554.3%
10Decatur57,361$61,56313.1%

Richest Cities in Alabama

#CityMedian IncomeHome ValueBachelor's+
1Shoal Creek$218,333$762,50066.5%
2Mountain Brook$201,479$916,30088.6%
3Highland Lakes$169,361$599,20073.5%
4Eagle Point$151,842$493,80061.5%
5Meadowbrook$141,862$423,70073.7%
6Indian Springs Village$136,836$555,80067.9%
7Madison$134,655$398,80064.5%
8Vestavia Hills$134,369$530,00065.3%
9Redland$130,278$317,10030.6%
10Blue Ridge$128,482$314,90054.4%

Most Affordable Cities in Alabama

By home-value-to-income ratio (lower = more affordable). Min. population 1,000.

#CityRatioHome ValueIncome
1Brilliant1.0x$47,200$47,125
2Stewartville1.1x$94,100$87,574
3Millport1.4x$104,400$76,875
4Susan Moore1.4x$119,600$84,554
5Baileyton1.4x$89,800$63,143
6Steele1.5x$107,100$72,386
7Goodwater1.5x$58,900$39,511
8Newton1.5x$89,500$60,030
9West End-Cobb Town1.5x$83,900$55,323
10Graysville1.7x$116,900$70,208

Explore Alabama Rankings

Cities by Population All cities ranked by size Richest Cities Ranked by median income Most Educated By bachelor's degree rate Most Affordable By housing affordability

All Counties in Alabama (67)

67 results
Jefferson County667,755$66,38815.7%$240,000
Mobile County412,590$58,88016.2%$190,700
Madison County405,718$86,49910.1%$299,200
Baldwin County246,989$78,77510.1%$316,900
Tuscaloosa County237,552$66,23116.8%$248,700
Shelby County230,211$97,9617.2%$326,100
Montgomery County226,718$59,38619.9%$171,900
Lee County181,134$65,82418.9%$262,200
Morgan County124,471$68,84513.5%$212,000
Calhoun County116,090$55,02917.9%$156,600
Limestone County111,233$83,62910.0%$281,000
Houston County108,140$58,62617.5%$183,300
Etowah County103,105$54,56316.9%$167,100
Marshall County99,748$62,57116.6%$201,500
Lauderdale County95,830$62,64912.2%$200,300
St. Clair County94,166$77,46311.3%$226,300
Cullman County90,566$62,65615.3%$199,100
Elmore County89,526$78,24310.3%$223,900
Talladega County81,021$57,77617.8%$149,200
DeKalb County72,269$51,20422.4%$152,700
Walker County64,841$56,50918.5%$135,900
Autauga County59,947$72,48111.3%$207,200
Blount County59,518$64,19012.9%$175,200
Russell County58,811$51,19722.2%$165,700
Colbert County58,022$60,62817.4%$171,000
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All Cities & Places in Alabama (592)

592 results
Huntsville222,791$74,71412.6%$293,600
Mobile203,416$53,55818.4%$193,300
Birmingham198,173$46,05124.7%$158,800
Montgomery197,494$56,81121.5%$161,900
Tuscaloosa111,038$51,46425.1%$255,500
Hoover92,642$109,2535.1%$412,200
Auburn80,594$63,66825.4%$364,800
Dothan71,514$55,79219.3%$194,000
Madison60,106$134,6554.3%$398,800
Decatur57,361$61,56313.1%$210,200
Florence41,701$52,17417.9%$196,300
Prattville39,482$81,33710.7%$214,600
Vestavia Hills38,616$134,36910.0%$530,000
Phenix City38,499$50,05324.5%$170,300
Alabaster33,917$91,3577.1%$261,700
Gadsden33,374$40,34528.1%$116,800
Opelika32,820$65,00416.0%$241,800
Northport31,218$80,91312.3%$282,600
Enterprise29,505$73,12516.5%$202,900
Daphne29,453$87,2507.2%$323,400
Athens29,002$69,92212.2%$270,000
Homewood27,829$94,4858.9%$558,500
Trussville26,673$123,2751.1%$370,300
Bessemer25,400$39,61328.0%$135,900
Pelham24,827$101,0946.7%$299,800
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Download Alabama Data

Free CSV downloads of Alabama demographic data — no account or payment required. Files use official Census place names (e.g. "Springfield city", "Oakdale CDP"), so they match Census Bureau sources exactly.

📊
Cities Data (CSV) All cities: population, income, housing, race, education
📋
Counties Data (CSV) All counties: population, income, housing, race, education

Population Overview

Alabama has a total population of 5,086,768, making it a mid-sized state in the nation. The median age is 39.3 years, 1% higher than the national median of 38.9 years.

Age Demographics

The median age in Alabama is 39.3 years. This is 1% higher than the national median of 38.9 years.

Economy, Income & Housing

The median household income in Alabama is $63,999. This is 21% lower than the national median of $80,734. The poverty rate stands at 15.6%. This is 25% higher than the national poverty rate of 12.4%. The unemployment rate is 4.7%. This is 10% lower than the national rate of 5.2%. The median home value is $209,900. Housing costs are 37% lower than the national median of $332,700. The home-value-to-income ratio is 3.3x. 70.2% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied. This homeownership rate is 8% higher than the national average of 65.2%.

Race & Ethnicity

The largest racial or ethnic group in Alabama is White (non-Hispanic), making up 63.4% of the population. Black or African American residents account for 25.6%. The Black or African American population is significantly higher than the national average (25.6% vs 11.9%). The Hispanic or Latino population (5.6%) is well below the national average of 19.3%. The Asian population (1.4%) is well below the national average of 5.9%.

Education

28.4% of residents aged 25 and older hold a bachelor's degree or higher. This is 20% lower than the national rate of 35.7%. The high school graduation rate (or equivalent) is 88.6%.

Data Sources & Methodology

All figures for Alabama come from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 2020–2024 5-Year Estimates, with comparisons drawn against national averages from the same dataset. See our methodology page for how each metric is defined, or data.census.gov for official tables with margins of error.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the population of Alabama?

Alabama has a total population of 5,086,768 according to the U.S. Census ACS 5-Year Estimates.

What is the median income in Alabama?

The median household income in Alabama is $63,999, which is 21% lower than the national median of $80,734.

How many cities are in Alabama?

Alabama has 592 Census-designated places (cities, towns, and CDPs) and 67 counties.

What is the poverty rate in Alabama?

The poverty rate in Alabama is 15.6%, compared to the national average of 12.4%.

What is the largest city in Alabama?

The largest city in Alabama is Huntsville with a population of 222,791.